AENEIDOS LIBER PRIMVS lines 418 – 593
Corripuere viam interea, qua semita monstrat.
Iamque ascendebant collem, qui plurimus urbi
imminet, adversasque adspectat desuper arces.
Miratur molem Aeneas, magalia quondam,
miratur portas strepitumque et strata viarum.
Instant ardentes Tyrii pars ducere muros,
molirique arcem et manibus subvolvere saxa,
pars optare locum tecto et concludere suco.
[Iura magistratusque legunt sanctumque senatum;]
hic portus alii effodiunt; hic alta theatris
fundamenta locant alii, immanisque columnas
rupibus excidunt, scaenis decora alta futuris.
Qualis apes aestate nova per florea rura
exercet sub sole labor, cum gentis adultos
educunt fetus, aut cum liquentia mella
stipant et dulci distendunt nectare cellas,
aut onera accipiunt venientum, aut agmine facto
ignavom fucos pecus a praesepibus arcent:
fervet opus, redolentque thymo fragrantia mella.
‘O fortunati, quorum iam moenia surgunt!’
Aeneas ait, et fastigia suspicit urbis.
Infert se saeptus nebula, mirabile dictu,
per medios, miscetque viris, neque cernitur ulli.
Lucus in urbe fuit media, laetissimus umbra,
quo primum iactati undis et turbine Poeni
effodere loco signum, quod regia Iuno
monstrarat, caput acris equi; sic nam fore bello
egregiam et facilem victu per saecula gentem.
Hic templum Iunoni ingens Sidonia Dido
condebat, donis opulentum et numine divae,
aerea cui gradibus surgebant limina, nexaeque
aere trabes, foribus cardo stridebat aenis.
Hoc primum in luco nova res oblata timorem
leniit, hic primum Aeneas sperare salutem
ausus, et adflictis melius confidere rebus.
Namque sub ingenti lustrat dum singula templo,
reginam opperiens, dum, quae fortuna sit urbi,
artificumque manus inter se operumque laborem
miratur, videt Iliacas ex ordine pugnas,
bellaque iam fama totum volgata per orbem,
Atridas, Priamumque, et saevum ambobus Achillem.
Constitit, et lacrimans, ‘Quis iam locus’ inquit ‘Achate,
quae regio in terris nostri non plena laboris?
En Priamus! Sunt hic etiam sua praemia laudi;
sunt lacrimae rerum et mentem mortalia tangunt.
Solve metus; feret haec aliquam tibi fama salutem.’
Sic ait, atque animum pictura pascit inani,
multa gemens, largoque umectat flumine voltum.
Namque videbat, uti bellantes Pergama circum
hac fugerent Graii, premeret Troiana iuventus,
hac Phryges, instaret curru cristatus Achilles.
Nec procul hinc Rhesi niveis tentoria velis
adgnoscit lacrimans, primo quae prodita somno
Tydides multa vastabat caede cruentus,
ardentisque avertit equos in castra, prius quam
pabula gustassent Troiae Xanthumque bibissent.
Parte alia fugiens amissis Troilus armis,
infelix puer atque impar congressus Achilli,
fertur equis, curruque haeret resupinus inani,
lora tenens tamen; huic cervixque comaeque trahuntur
per terram, et versa pulvis inscribitur hasta.
Interea ad templum non aequae Palladis ibant
crinibus Iliades passis peplumque ferebant,
suppliciter tristes et tunsae pectora palmis;
diva solo fixos oculos aversa tenebat.
Ter circum Iliacos raptaverat Hectora muros,
exanimumque auro corpus vendebat Achilles.
Tum vero ingentem gemitum dat pectore ab imo,
ut spolia, ut currus, utque ipsum corpus amici,
tendentemque manus Priamum conspexit inermis.
Se quoque principibus permixtum adgnovit Achivis,
Eoasque acies et nigri Memnonis arma.
Ducit Amazonidum lunatis agmina peltis
Penthesilea furens, mediisque in milibus ardet,
aurea subnectens exsertae cingula mammae,
bellatrix, audetque viris concurrere virgo.
Haec dum Dardanio Aeneae miranda videntur,
dum stupet, obtutuque haeret defixus in uno,
regina ad templum, forma pulcherrima Dido,
incessit magna iuvenum stipante caterva.
Qualis in Eurotae ripis aut per iuga Cynthi
exercet Diana choros, quam mille secutae
hinc atque hinc glomerantur oreades; illa pharetram
fert umero, gradiensque deas supereminet omnis:
Latonae tacitum pertemptant gaudia pectus:
talis erat Dido, talem se laeta ferebat
per medios, instans operi regnisque futuris.
Tum foribus divae, media testudine templi,
saepta armis, solioque alte subnixa resedit.
Iura dabat legesque viris, operumque laborem
partibus aequabat iustis, aut sorte trahebat:
cum subito Aeneas concursu accedere magno
Anthea Sergestumque videt fortemque Cloanthum,
Teucrorumque alios, ater quos aequore turbo
dispulerat penitusque alias avexerat oras.
Obstipuit simul ipse simul perculsus Achates
laetitiaque metuque; avidi coniungere dextras
ardebant; sed res animos incognita turbat.
Dissimulant, et nube cava speculantur amicti,
quae fortuna viris, classem quo litore linquant,
quid veniant; cunctis nam lecti navibus ibant,
orantes veniam, et templum clamore petebant.
Postquam introgressi et coram data copia fandi,
maximus Ilioneus placido sic pectore coepit:
‘O Regina, novam cui condere Iuppiter urbem
iustitiaque dedit gentis frenare superbas,
Troes te miseri, ventis maria omnia vecti,
oramus, prohibe infandos a navibus ignis,
parce pio generi, et propius res aspice nostras.
Non nos aut ferro Libycos populare Penatis
venimus, aut raptas ad litora vertere praedas;
non ea vis animo, nec tanta superbia victis.
Est locus, Hesperiam Grai cognomine dicunt,
terra antiqua, potens armis atque ubere glaebae;
Oenotri coluere viri; nunc fama minores
Italiam dixisse ducis de nomine gentem.
Hic cursus fuit:
cum subito adsurgens fluctu nimbosus Orion
in vada caeca tulit, penitusque procacibus austris
perque undas, superante salo, perque invia saxa
dispulit; huc pauci vestris adnavimus oris.
Quod genus hoc hominum? Quaeve hunc tam barbara morem
permittit patria? Hospitio prohibemur harenae;
bella cient, primaque vetant consistere terra.
Si genus humanum et mortalia temnitis arma
at sperate deos memores fandi atque nefandi.
‘Rex erat Aeneas nobis, quo iustior alter,
nec pietate fuit, nec bello maior et armis.
Quem si fata virum servant, si vescitur aura
aetheria, neque adhuc crudelibus occubat umbris,
non metus; officio nec te certasse priorem
poeniteat. Sunt et Siculis regionibus urbes
armaque, Troianoque a sanguine clarus Acestes.
Quassatam ventis liceat subducere classem,
et silvis aptare trabes et stringere remos:
si datur Italiam, sociis et rege recepto,
tendere, ut Italiam laeti Latiumque petamus;
sin absumpta salus, et te, pater optime Teucrum,
pontus habet Libyae, nec spes iam restat Iuli,
at freta Sicaniae saltem sedesque paratas,
unde huc advecti, regemque petamus Acesten.’
Talibus Ilioneus; cuncti simul ore fremebant
Dardanidae.
Tum breviter Dido, voltum demissa, profatur:
‘Solvite corde metum, Teucri, secludite curas.
Res dura et regni novitas me talia cogunt
moliri, et late finis custode tueri.
Quis genus Aeneadum, quis Troiae nesciat urbem,
virtutesque virosque, aut tanti incendia belli?
Non obtusa adeo gestamus pectora Poeni,
nec tam aversus equos Tyria Sol iungit ab urbe.
Seu vos Hesperiam magnam Saturniaque arva,
sive Erycis finis regemque optatis Acesten,
auxilio tutos dimittam, opibusque iuvabo.
Voltis et his mecum pariter considere regnis;
urbem quam statuo vestra est, subducite navis;
Tros Tyriusque mihi nullo discrimine agetur.
Atque utinam rex ipse Noto compulsus eodem
adforet Aeneas! Equidem per litora certos
dimittam et Libyae lustrare extrema iubebo,
si quibus eiectus silvis aut urbibus errat.’
His animum arrecti dictis et fortis Achates
et pater Aeneas iamdudum erumpere nubem
ardebant. Prior Aenean compellat Achates:
‘Nate dea, quae nunc animo sententia surgit?
omnia tuta vides, classem sociosque receptos.
Unus abest, medio in fluctu quem vidimus ipsi
submersum; dictis respondent cetera matris.’
Vix ea fatus erat, cum circumfusa repente
scindit se nubes et in aethera purgat apertum.
Restitit Aeneas claraque in luce refulsit,
os umerosque deo similis; namque ipsa decoram
caesariem nato genetrix lumenque iuventae
purpureum et laetos oculis adflarat honores:
quale manus addunt ebori decus, aut ubi flavo
argentum Pariusve lapis circumdatur auro.
Meanwhile they took up the road, whereby the path shows.
And now they are climbing a hill, which overhangs the city
with its great size and faces the opposite forts from above.
Aeneas admires the structure (of the city), formerly huts, [miratur exhibits anaphora]
he admires the gates and the noise and the pavements of the roads.
The Tyrians, being eager, press on: part [historic infinitives here] was extending the walls
and was working on a fort and rolling rocks with hands, [pars is also anaphora]
part was choosing a place for a house and were enclosing with a ditch;
They choose both magistrates and laws and the sacred senate. [magistratus is acc pl]
Here, part dig out a harbor; here, others locate low foundations of theaters,
and they cut out huge columns from cliffs [theater commonly excavated from hillside], high ornaments to the stage about to be. [this nest simile will definitely be tested]
Such as work busies the bees in the new summer through flowery country
under the sun, when the adults of the race
lead forth the brood, either when they stow the flowing honey and stretch the cells with sweet nectar, or receive the work of the coming (bees), or ward off,
the drones a lazy swarm, from the hives, a line having been made;
The work glows and the honey smells of fragrant thyme.
“Oh, fortunate ones, whose walls are already rising!”
Aeneas says and looks up at the tops of the city.
He carries himself in enclosed in a cloud (wonderful to say) [supine]
through the middle (of the men), and mingles in the men and he is not perceived by anyone.
There was a wood in the middle of the city, very rich in/of shade,
in which place the Pheonicians having been tossed by the waves and storm for the first time excavated a sign, which the royal Juno had shown, the head of a sharp horse; thus indeed, it would be a [indirect statement by monstrarat] race distinguished in war and easy to live through the ages. Here a huge temple to Juno Sidonian Dido
was building, rich in gifts and the divinity of the goddess,
on the steps of which were rising bronze thresholds and beams [hypermetric here]
fastened by bronze [shows opulence of temple], a hinge was creaking on bronze doors.
For the first time, in the wood, a new thing having been presented,
soothed this fear, here, Aeneas dared to hope for safety and to trust better in shattered things.
Indeed, while awaiting the queen beneath the huge temple,
he was surveying single things, while he wonders what fortune there is to the city
and the hands of the artists among themselves and labor of works, he sees the Ilian battles in order and now wars made known by fame through the whole world,
both Atridas and Priam and fierce Achilles.
[know the story of Achilles and his feud against sons of Atreus- Agamemnon and Menelaus- bc Achilles' girl captive Briseis was taken away]
He halted and weeping, says, “Now what place, Achates, in what region on the lands is not full of our hardships? Behold Priam. Even here to honor are the rewards its rewards; there are the tears of things and things mortal touch the mind.
While these things seem marvelous to Trojan Aeneas,
while he is dazed and clings fixed on one view,
the queen, Dido, very beautiful in form [abl. of respect], goes to the temple,
a great crowd of youth crowding. [abl. abs.]
Such as on the banks of the Eurotas or through the mountain ridges of Cynthus
where Diana busies the bands, whom [refers to Diana] a thousand mountain nymphs having followed are gathered on this side and that; that one carries a quiver
on her shoulder and proceeding towers above all goddesses
(joys possess the silent heart of Latona):
such was Dido, she happy was carrying herself as such
through the middle (of the men) and urging the work and the future kingdom.
Then in the she sat down down in the entrance of the goddess, in the middle of the dome of the temple, hedged in by arms and resting on a throne on high.
She was giving justice and laws to the men, and equalizing the hardship of works
into fair parts or drawing by lot:
When suddenly Aeneas saw in the great crowd
Antheus and Sergestes and brave Cloanthus
and others of the Trojans approaching, whom a black storm had dispersed on the sea
and had bore away to deep within other shores. [other 12 ships return according to Venus]
Both he himself stood agape, and Achates was struck by joy and fear; they eager
were burning to join right (hands); but the unknown matter disturbs their minds.
They disguise their minds and watch wrapped in a hollow cloud
what [indir. question] fortune there is to the men, on which shore they leave their fleet,
why they come [subj. in indir ?]; for they were going having been chosen from all the ships
praying for a favor and seeking a temple by shout.
After that they went in and an opportunity of speaking [gerund] was given,
the very eldest Ilioneus thus begins with a peaceful heart:
“Oh, queen, to whom Jupiter has granted to found a new city
and to restrain the proud tribes by justice,
we, miserable Trojans, having been carried by the winds through all the seas,
beseech you; keep the accursed flames from our ships,
spare the devoted race and look more closely at our things.
We do not come either to plunder Libyan households by iron,
or to turn snatched up booty to the shores;
there is not this force to our spirit nor is there so much haughtiness to ones having been conquered. There is a place, the Greeks call it Hesperia (Italy) by name,
an ancient land, powerful in arms and fertility of the soil;
Oenetrian men cultivated it; now the story is that the descendents
have called the nation Italy from the name of the leader.
Here was a course, …
when suddenly rising in the river rainy Orion
carried us by the boisterous (South) wind into the dark shallows and deep within
and scattered us both through the waves, the sea surpassing, and over impenetrable rocks;
a few of us have swum here to your shores.
What race of men is this? Or what country so savage allows this custom?
We are kept off from the refuge of the shore:
They excite wars and prohibit us to stand on the edge of the land.
If the human race and mortal arms
but expect gods mindful of right and wrong.
Aeneas was the king to us, to whom [abl. of compar.] another
was neither more just in loyalty, nor greater in war and arms [ablatives of respect]
If the fates preserve anything of the man, if he breathes the ethereal air
and nor does he lie dead as yet in the cruel shadows,
there is no fear to us, nor would it make you sorry being the first
to have strived in kindness: there are also cities and arms in Sicilian regions,
and bright Acestes from Trojan blood.
Let it be permitted to remove the fleet having been shattered by the winds
and to equip beams from the woods and to strip oars,
if it is granted to strive for Italy, companions and king having been recovered,
so that we happy may seek Italy and Latium;
but if security was taken away, and the sea of Libya has you,
very great father of Trojans, nor does hope of Iulus now remain,
but at least the seas of Sicily and prepared dwellings,
whence we were carried here, and let us seek king Acestes.”
Ileoneus (said) such things; at the same time all the Trojans were murmuring by speech.
Then Dido having had her face lowered [middle voice; modesty shown], says briefly:
“Dismiss fear from your heart, Trojans, shut out cares.
A harsh circumstance and the newness of the kingdom [danger of unknown lands] forces me
to make such things and to protect widely my territory by guard.
Who does not know the race of the descendents of Aeneas, who the city of Troy,
both the valors and men or such great fires of the war?
We Carthaginians bear souls not so dull,
not so turned away from the Tyrian city does the Sun join the horses.
Whether you choose great Hesperia and Saturnine fields [Saturn was god of Italy]
or the territory of Eryx [Sicily] and the Acesten kingdom,
I will send you away having been protected by aid and will aid you by resources.
Are you even willing to settle in this kingdom with me on equal terms?
[This is a very surprising and generous proposition.]
The city [acc. b/c attracted to quam], which I build, is yours; draw up the ships;
Trojan and Tyrian will be treated by me with no distinction.
And would that the king Aeneas himself were driven here
by the same south wind! Indeed, I will send trustworthy men away through the shores
and will order them to survey the extreme things of Libya,
in case that anything was thrown out in the woods or in the city lingers.”
They were pricked up to the mind [acc. of respect] by these things having been said,
and brave Achates and father Aeneas having were eager for some time to break the cloud.
First, Achates speaks to Aeneas:
“From the goddess-born, which purpose now rises in mind?
You see all things safe, the fleet and friends having been received.
One person is absent, whom we ourselves have seen in the middle of the sea
drowned; the other things correspond the things said of your mother.”
Scarcely had he spoke these things when suddenly
the cloud having been poured around parts itself
and purifies itself in the open sky.
Aeneas remained and shined in the clear light
to his face and shoulders [acc. of respect] like a god; for the mother herself
had breathed [adfla(ve)rat] on her son beautiful hair and radiant glow of youth
and joyous graces to eyes:
such beauty as the hands add from ivory, or when
silver or Parian [Greek island known for marble] stone is surrounded by gold.